10RM to 1RM Calculator

Estimate your one-rep max safely using 7 research-backed formulas

Your Rep Max

Moderate accuracy (±5-10%)

Estimated 1-Rep Max

262.1 lb

From 200 lb × 10 reps (7-formula average)

Formula Comparison

epleyRecommended
266.7 lb
brzyckiRecommended
266.7 lb
lander
268.1 lb
lombardi
251.8 lb
7-Formula Average
262.1 lb

Why Use 7 Formulas?

No single formula works perfectly for all lifts, body types, and rep ranges. By averaging seven research-backed formulas, this calculator provides a more balanced and reliable 1RM estimate.

Formula Breakdown:

Epley: 1RM = Weight × (1 + reps/30)
Brzycki: 1RM = Weight × (36 / (37 - reps))
Lander: 1RM = 100 × Weight / (101.3 - 2.67 × reps)
Lombardi: 1RM = Weight × reps^0.10
Mayhew: 1RM = 100 × Weight / (52.2 + 41.9 × e^(-0.055 × reps))
O'Conner: 1RM = Weight × (1 + reps/40)
Wathan: 1RM = 100 × Weight / (48.8 + 53.8 × e^(-0.075 × reps))
Epley and Brzycki are highlighted as "Recommended" based on research by LeSuer et al. (1997) showing they have the smallest prediction errors for the Big 3 lifts.

Scientific References

Epley (1985)

"Poundage Chart." Boyd Epley Workout. University of Nebraska Press.

Brzycki (1993)

"Strength Testing—Predicting a One-Rep Max from Reps-to-Fatigue." JOPERD, 64(1), 88-90.

LeSuer et al. (1997)

"The Accuracy of Prediction Equations for Estimating 1-RM Performance." J Strength Cond Res, 11(4), 211-213.

Mayhew et al. (1992)

"Relative Muscular Endurance Performance." J Applied Sport Science Research, 6(4), 200-206.

Key Finding: Research shows submaximal testing (like 10RM) has better test-retest reliability and lower injury risk than true 1RM testing for general populations.

Accuracy & Best Practices

1-5 Reps

Highest accuracy (±3-5%). Best for strength athletes who train with heavy weights.

6-10 Reps

Moderate accuracy (±5-10%). Good balance of safety and precision. Recommended for most lifters.

11+ Reps

Lower accuracy (±10-15%). Use with caution. Results become less reliable as reps increase.

Testing Tips:

  • Warm up properly before testing your rep max
  • Use strict form — no bouncing or excessive momentum
  • Rest 3-5 minutes before your max attempt if doing multiple sets
  • Stop 1-2 reps before failure for safer, more consistent results

Frequently Asked Questions

How accurate is the 10RM to 1RM calculation?
When using 10 reps, accuracy is typically within ±5-10% of your true 1RM. Formulas are most accurate when reps are below 5 (±3-5%). We average 7 formulas to provide a balanced estimate.
Does this work for squats, deadlifts, and bench press?
Yes! This calculator works for all major lifts. Epley and Brzycki tend to be most accurate for bench press, while Lombardi and Wathan may be slightly better for lower body lifts like squats and deadlifts.
Why is 10RM safer than testing true 1RM?
Testing a true 1RM requires maximal effort with heavy weight, increasing injury risk. A 10RM test uses moderate weight with better form control. Research shows 10RM tests have excellent test-retest reliability with significantly lower injury risk.
How do I use the training percentages?
Click any percentage to load that weight in our Plate Calculator. Use 90-95% for max strength (1-3 reps), 80-85% for strength building (3-6 reps), and 70-75% for hypertrophy (8-12 reps).

Share Your Results

⚠️ Medical Disclaimer & Safety Information

This calculator provides estimates based on established formulas and research. Results should be used as general guidelines only. Individual factors such as training experience, genetics, injury history, and recovery capacity significantly affect actual performance and safe training loads.

Important Safety Guidelines:

  • Consult with a qualified physician before beginning any new exercise program, especially if you have pre-existing medical conditions, injuries, or are over 40.
  • Always use proper form and technique. Consider working with a certified strength coach or personal trainer.
  • Start conservatively and progress gradually. Attempting weights beyond your capacity can result in serious injury.
  • Use appropriate safety equipment including collars, safety pins/spotter arms, and a spotter when necessary.
  • Stop immediately if you experience pain (beyond normal muscle fatigue), dizziness, chest pain, or any unusual symptoms.
  • Do not attempt a true 1RM test without proper supervision and experience. Testing your actual 1RM carries significant injury risk.
  • The rep-max test is safer and more practical for most lifters. Always use proper form, warm up adequately, and have a spotter for heavy lifts.
  • These estimates are for training programming purposes only. Consult with a certified strength coach before implementing any training program.

Legal Notice: This tool is for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The creators and operators of this website assume no liability for injuries or damages resulting from the use of this calculator or the information provided. Always prioritize safety and seek professional guidance.

Emergency Resources:
If you experience a serious injury during training, call emergency services immediately (911 in US). Know the warning signs of rhabdomyolysis, heat stroke, and cardiovascular distress.

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